The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations has added its voice to renewed calls for an end to child labour in agriculture.
The call was made at the 5th Global Conference on the Elimination of Child Labour, underway in Durban, South Africa.
“In Sub-Saharan Africa, four out of five child labourers are found working too many hours, undertaking heavy and dangerous work in crop farming, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture. Those children are not able to benefit from compulsory education. This needs to stop,” Qu Dongyu, FAO Director-General, said by video message at the conference.
According to FAO, in Sub-Saharan Africa, the number of child labourers rose by more than 15 million from 2016 to 2020. There are now more children in child labour in sub-Saharan Africa than in the rest of the world combined – the majority work on family farms.
“We want children to become young people who are enthusiastic about farming and agriculture. We need educated young farmers who are innovative and can feed both their families and the world, to protect the planet and sustain peace,” Qu Dongyu said.
Read also : The 5th Global Conference on the Elimination of Child Labour in South Africa
Child labour overwhelmingly occurs in agriculture – the sector accounts for more than 70% of child labour worldwide. This means 112 million boys and girls in total working long hours and often performing hazardous tasks in the agricultural sector.
In a separate press release, FAO said the Covid-19 crisis had exacerbated the situation as child labour often filled gaps in agriculture production due to movement restrictions, or compensated income loss within families.
Household poverty remains one of the main drivers of child labour is in the agricultural sector.
“Many families and communities feel that they have no other choice than to rely on their children to meet their needs for food and income. Children who work are likely to become the hungry of tomorrow, perpetrating the cycle of rural poverty,” FAO said.
To drive progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of eliminating all forms of child labour, FAO is calling for a breakthrough in agriculture.
“We need to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security, nutrition and livelihoods of the most vulnerable families. We need financial instruments in agriculture that address the vulnerabilities of small-scale farmers to climate change effects and conflicts [to eliminate child labour],” Abebe Haile-Gabriel, FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative for Africa said at the conference’s session on policy priorities to end child labour in Africa.
He said child labour in agriculture is a cross-sectoral problem that requires a cross-sectoral solution. FAO is calling on all actors in agrifood systems to take on an active role in ending child labour.
FAO added research institutions can contribute to building evidence, which is essential to raising awareness, initiating dialogue and designing appropriate actions.
“Producers’ organizations are able to provide services that contribute to ending the dependence of family farms and enterprises on child labour. These include training to increase the efficiency of adult workers and promotion of sustainable technologies and alternative practices that improve safety and productivity. They also can help identify and address the use of child labour in the supply chains.”
FAO added: “Agricultural extension agents are on the frontline, interacting with farmers, fishers, livestock raisers daily, they can address some of the root causes of child labour in agriculture by supporting shifts to improved practices and technologies. The private sector must be more proactive and comply with human rights obligations.”
At the 5th Global Conference, FAO is organising a dedicated high-level thematic panel on child labour in agricultureand a side-event focused on the artisanal fisheries and aquaculture sector.
These sessions will present solutions, renew commitment from agricultural actors, and call for more cross-sectoral actions and investments to alleviate poverty and transform our agrifood systems.
On the sidelines of the conference, FAO has launched a new publication: Ten years of FAO experience on ending child labour in agriculture in Africa.
The compendium is the result of an inventory exercise, the first of its kind, examining FAO’s activities to combat child labour in agriculture in Malawi, Mali, Uganda, Niger and the United Republic of Tanzania over a decade (2010-2020).
It aims to make a practical contribution to the field of the elimination of child labour in agriculture, highlighting some of the activities supported by FAO, processes and practices within countries, achievements and lessons learned.
The 5th Global Conference on Child Labour is co-organised by the South African government and the International Labour Organisation (ILO).
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